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生活中有一个极其常见的现象，即很多人在接触理财时会悔不当初没有早些了解一些理财知识。对于很多15年毕业的大学生而言，情况大抵也是如此。因此，下文会针对新毕业大学生提出七点中肯的理财建议：
第一、逐渐提升生活品质
对于拥有一份全职工作、拿全职薪水的你而言，外出狂欢、买辆新车、入手一套崭新漂亮的小公寓是不是特别有吸引力？但你有没有想过，你其实还可以选择减少早期生活中的享乐花销，并为未来购买房子和应对生活中的突发事件进行储蓄。诚然，这意味着当下的你要开旧车，和其他人合住等。但长期看来，通过这种生活方式，你最终会取得经济独立，也会收获更多快乐。
第二、学会做饭
对于很多人而言，除了住房和交通外，吃饭成了生活中最大的开支项。针对这个问题，学会做饭可谓是最好的解决办法之一。如果你依然单身，那么会做饭在日后的约会中也会是个加分项。
生活中有一个极其常见的现象，即很多人在接触理财时会悔不当初没有早些了解一些理财知识。对于很多15年毕业的大学生而言，情况大抵也是如此。因此，下文会针对新毕业大学生提出七点中肯的理财建议：
第一、逐渐提升生活品质
对于拥有一份全职工作、拿全职薪水的你而言，外出狂欢、买辆新车、入手一套崭新漂亮的小公寓是不是特别有吸引力？但你有没有想过，你其实还可以选择减少早期生活中的享乐花销，并为未来购买房子和应对生活中的突发事件进行储蓄。诚然，这意味着当下的你要开旧车，和其他人合住等。但长期看来，通过这种生活方式，你最终会取得经济独立，也会收获更多快乐。
第二、学会做饭
对于很多人而言，除了住房和交通外，吃饭成了生活中最大的开支项。针对这个问题，学会做饭可谓是最好的解决办法之一。如果你依然单身，那么会做饭在日后的约会中也会是个加分项。
第三、建立一个财务自由基金
毕业的早几年，你可能会尝试很多东西，因此工作和住所都有可能出现重大变动。但是，离职和搬家都是一笔不小的开销。因此，银行账户有些储蓄（数额以满足3-6月的使用为佳）不仅可增加你的安全感，也会减少你辞职或搬家时的后顾之忧。最简单的方法莫过于开通一个独立的储蓄账户，每个月定期向该账户转入一部分工资即可。
第四、开通罗斯个人退休账户
毫无疑问，罗斯个人退休账户是个理想的账户选择。除了可随时免税取现（此处指自己存入的部分收入），账户余额还可持续累积直至享受退休免税政策。但是，如59岁之前对该账户中的工资取现，你便须纳税并上交10%的罚金。事实上，你可在任何一家金融机构开通罗斯个人退休账户。但是，如果该账户为应急基金的组成部分，你务必要保障该账户的安全。
第五、充分利用公司的退休计划
如果新就职的公司提供退休计划，那你要努力争取。如若现在的储蓄不够多，那你可以逐渐提高缴费率。有些情况下，很多退休计划甚至有自动调整（缴费率）这样一个特点。也许退休看起来遥遥无期，但你的退休金储蓄计划开始的越早，其增长和复利的时间就越长。
第六、为退休积极投资
年轻的好处之一就是，即便在股市中跌倒了，你还有时间爬起来继续奋战。年轻的坏处之一就是，因无法预见股市的跌宕起伏，在股市下跌时，你或许会选择将所持股票全部抛出，又或者你压根没勇气投资股市。如果你遇到的困难是欠缺投资知识，那么你可以检查一下自己的退休账户中是否有一部分设有预定日期的基金。接下来，你可挑出距离自己退休日期最近的基金，然后将所有退休金转移到那个基金中。随着该基金的预定日期临近，该基金会自动趋于保守化，进而方便你对其进行设置。
第七、审慎负债
生活中有两类人：第一类，他们对债务漫不经心，放任其高利率的信用卡欠款越来越高。第二类，他们对债务避之不及，并且将收入用于偿还低利率的学生贷款。实际上，第二类人本可以将收入储蓄下来用来应对突发事件、购买房屋或者为投资退休等等。
针对债务这个问题，最好的解决方法如下：如果债务利率超过4%-6%，最好尽快还清；如果债务利率介于4%-6%之间，还清债务或选择投资均可；如果债务利率低于4%，最好将收入用以投资。
原文：
7 Financial Tips For New Grads
One of the most common things I often hear from people after one of ourfinancial education workshopsis how much they wish they had learned about personal finance when they were younger. I particularly think about this with all the new college grads this year. There are a lot of things I’m glad I knew back then and a lot I wish I knew. Here would be my financial advice to new grads:
1) Upgrade your lifestyle…slowly.
If you have a new full-time job with a full-time paycheck, it may be tempting to go out and buy a new car and get a nice, new apartment all to yourself but you’ll probably be happier in the long run if you use your early years to keep your living expenses low so you can save for things like emergencies, buying a home, and eventually becoming financially independent. That might mean driving an older car and living with your family or one or more roommates a little longer. I did both and they were some of the best financial decisions I ever made. My life was a lot less stressful without high rent and car payments and I was actually able to spend more on experiences like traveling and eating out with friends thatmade me happierthan a bigger apartment or newer car.
Not convinced? Look at it this way. I’m sure you’re excited about graduating but that excitement will eventually wear off. Postponing having a new car and your own place will give you things to be excited about in the future.
2) Learn to cook.
After housing and transportation, food is the next largest expense for most people. Since you won’t have a meal plan anymore,learning to cookcan be one of the best ways to save cash. If you’re single, it’s also a great way to impress dates. This is definitely something I wish I had done much earlier!
3) Build up a financial freedom fund.
Your early years will likely involve a lot of changes between jobs and places to live as you try different things out. However, it can cost a lot of money to leave a job or move to a new location. Having some cash in the bank (ideally enough to cover 3-6 months of necessary expenses) gave me some peace of mind and the freedom to leave a job or living situation if needed. The easiest way to do this is to set up an automatic transfer of money from your checking account to a separate savings account each month.
4) Open a Roth IRA.
One of the first places I put that cash was aRoth IRA. (The limit was only $2k a year back then but you can contribute up to $5,500 for 2015). You can take out whatever you put in without tax or penalty and anything you don’t take out can grow to eventually be tax-free for retirement. If you withdraw any earnings before you turn 59 ½, you may have to pay a tax and 10% penalty on those withdrawn earnings but your contributions always come out first.
ou can open a Roth IRA at practically any financial institution. Just be sure to keep your Roth IRA funds somewhere safe like a savings account or a money market fund if it’s part of your emergency fund. Once you build up enough cash outside the Roth IRA, you can invest it more aggressively for retirement (see #6 below).
5) Take advantage of your employer’s retirement plan.
If your new employer offers a retirement plan with a match, try to contribute at least enough to get that full match. If you can’t afford to save much now, you can gradually increase your contribution rate each year. Many retirement plans even have a feature that will do this for you automatically.
Retirement may seem like a long way off but the sooner you save for retirement, the longer your money can grow and compound. For example, a 25-yr old earning $40k a year, contributing 10% of their salary, receiving a 6% match from their employer, and earning a 6% average annualized rate of return will haveover a million dollarsby age 65. If they wait until 35, they’ll have just over$535k. Start saving now and your future millionaire self will thank you.
6) Invest aggressively for retirement.
One advantage of being young is that you have time on your side so you can recover from any short term downturns in the stock market. One downside of being young is that you may not have the long term perspective to realize that and may bail out of stocks the minute they lose value or be too afraid to invest in stocks at all.
If lack of investing knowledge is your obstacle, see if your retirement account has target date fundsavailable. All you need to do is pick the fund with the year closest to when you think you might retire and you can put all of your retirement money in that one fund. The fund is fully diversified (so no, you’re not putting all your eggs in the proverbial basket) and will automatically become more conservative as you get closer to that date so you can essentially set it and forget it.
7) Be smart about debt.People often fall into one of two categories.
Some are too lax about debt and allow their high-interest credit card balances to grow bigger and bigger. Others are too afraid of debt and put their extra money towards paying down low-interest student loans when they could be saving for emergencies or a home orinvesting for retirement.
A good rule of thumb is to aggressively pay down any debt with interest rates above 4-6% like most credit cards. If your interest rate is between 4-6%, you can go either way depending on how you feel about investing vs. debt. If the rate is below 4%, you’re almost always better off investing any extra savings instead.
Am I missing anything? Are there any big financial lessons you wish you knew when you finished school? Leave your thoughts in the comments section below. （原文出处： forbes 网站）
栏目介绍：“洋视角”是理财频道新开设的一个栏目，栏目会定期从国外投资理财网站择优挑选一些优秀的投资理财方面的观点文章进行提炼和编译。帮助国内投资者了解到国外投资者最新的动向和观点，以期对国内投资者的投资理财有借鉴意义。
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